Advantages and Disadvantages of Project Management

Project management is a unique process of doing things in the most appropriate manner. It is a special process that is used to plan, operate, and monitor projects. Its major objectives are achieving project goals effectively and solving specific problems. It is the way of managing changes to meet some specific obligations through the introduction of new ideas or improving the existing ones.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages and Disadvantages of Project Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It focuses on controlling the introduction of desired change by planning what need to be done, when, by whom, and at what standard. The managers are responsible of overseeing the project through team building, coordinate the work of different people, and monitoring how the work is done until the final results are attained. Project management has both advantages and disadvantages thus the managers need to maximize on advantages as they minimize on the disadvantages. The first advantage of employing project management is that it yields to efficiency in service delivery. This is because it provides a direction to be followed to get to completion easily. Project management helps in forecasting the areas that can cause delays and plan on how they can be avoided before the commencement of the project. They help in estimating the scenarios that are likely to occur and therefore, the managers can decide on the appropriate cause of action to take to ensure there is efficiency and effectiveness in operations. This facilitates customer satisfaction, which ensures that the business create a wider market share that in turn increases profitability. Project management tools facilitate the development and maintenance of artifacts such as project schedule. This helps in analyzing complex situation that would take long to analysis without the aid of these tools. They ease the process of recording, linking an d analyzing data thus ensuring smooth flow of the project within designated project stages. Another advantage is that management projects facilitate objective comparison of alternative actions by providing repeatable results. Managers can apply the same strategies that contributed to successful completion of one project to other projects in the future without rigidity because they leave room for flexibility. The managers can opt to take another direction if they discover a better method of improving the project.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This increases the chances of the quality and quantity of production since implementing the basic project management strategies helps in narrowing focus. When the focus is directed to some specific and achievable goals, they can be attained at a reasonable time span and within the budgeted costs. The main disadvantages associable with project management are of overheads, obsession, and lack of creativity. Overheads that relate to Project management include cost, time, and communication overheads. Cost overheads are financial obligations that need to be met to ensure that the project is carried out effectively. Organization need to hire more managers who ensure that the project is carried out appropriately, and the required outcome is achieved. There are direct costs that are involved in training the project managers, developing programs, and changing the organization to align with the project demands. Communication overheads increase due to the introduction of another level in the management team that breaks the flow of information. The information ceases to move from functional manager to team manager, but a third department of project manager is involved. Time overheads come as a result of delayed communication and other protocols that need to be followed. Obsession is in the mind of the project managers. It ca n be methodology, process, or stakeholder obsession. In most cases, obsession is triggered by the fear of loss of control and other insecurities from the managers. Lack of creativity can be procedural or administrative. Procedural non-creativity results from rigid procedures and fixed time span being set to perform tasks. Administrative non-creativity comes as a result of following the set procedures without improving. In conclusion, project management can be both advantageous and disadvantageous to the company. Managers responsible in running project management should be keen to ensure that the project work for the best of the company. this is achieved by ensuring that they maximize on advantages and develop ways to minimize on disadvantages.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages and Disadvantages of Project Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Advantages and Disadvantages of Project Management was written and submitted by user Jesse Delaney to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Salivary Amylase and Other Enzymes in Saliva

Salivary Amylase and Other Enzymes in Saliva When food enters the mouth, it triggers the release of saliva. Saliva contains enzymes that perform important biological functions. Just like other enzymes in the body, the salivary enzymes help to catalyze, or speed up, the rate of chemical reactions in the body. This function is required to promote digestion and the acquisition of energy from food. Major Enzymes in Saliva Salivary amylase (also known as ptyalin) breaks down starches into smaller, simpler sugars. Salivary kallikrein helps produce a vasodilator to dilate blood vessels. Lingual lipase helps to break down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerides. Salivary Amylase Salivary amylase is the primary enzyme in saliva. Salivary amylase breaks down carbohydrates into smaller molecules, like sugars. Breaking down the large macromolecules into simpler components helps the body to digest starchy foods, like potatoes, rice, or pasta. During this process, larger carbohydrates, called amylopectin and amylose, are broken down into maltose. Maltose is a sugar that is composed of individual subunits of glucose, the human bodys key source of energy.   Salivary amylase also has a function in our dental health. It helps to prevent starches from accumulating on our teeth. In addition to salivary amylase, humans also produce pancreatic amylase, which further breaks down starches later in the digestive process. Salivary Kallikrein As a group, kallikreins are enzymes that take high molecular weight (HMW) compounds, like kininogen, and cleave them to smaller units. Salivary kallikrein breaks down kininogen into bradykinin, a vasodilator. Bradykinin helps to control blood pressure in the body. It causes blood vessels to dilate or expand and causes blood pressure to be lowered. Typically, only trace amounts of salivary kallikrein are found in saliva. Lingual Lipase Lingual lipase is an enzyme that breaks down triglycerides into glycerides and fatty acid components, thus catalyzing the digestion of lipids. The process begins in the mouth where it breaks down the triglycerides into diglycerides. Unlike salivary amylase, which functions best in non-acidic environments, lingual lipase can operate at lower pH values, so its action continues into the stomach. Lingual lipase helps infants digest the fats in their mothers milk. As we get older, the relative proportion of lingual lipase in saliva decreases as other parts of our digestive system help with fat digestion. Other Minor Salivary Enzymes Saliva contains other minor enzymes, like salivary acid phosphatase, which frees up attached phosphoryl groups from other molecules. Like amylase, it helps with the digestion process. Saliva also contains lysozymes. Lysozymes are enzymes that help to kill bacteria, viruses and other foreign agents in the body. These enzymes thus perform antimicrobial functions. Sources Becker, Andrea. â€Å"Names of the Enzymes in the Mouth Esophagus.† Sciencing.com, Sciencing, 10 Jan. 2019, sciencing.com/names-enzymes-mouth-esophagus-17242.html.Marie, Joanne. â€Å"What Are the Functions of Amylase, Protease and Lipase Digestive Enzymes.† Healthy Eating | SF Gate, 12 Dec. 2018, healthyeating.sfgate.com/functions-amylase-protease-lipase-digestive-enzymes-3325.html.

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 6

Strategic Management - Essay Example The essay "Strategic Management" describes the strategy actions for satisfying the customers, responding to the constantly changing industry and varying market conditions, or managing each functional piece of business or making the business grow in terms of company size and sales revenues. The strategy of the business has to answer the following questions: where we are now, where we will be in the future, and how will get there. The five strategic management tasks are: develop strategic vision and mission; setting objectives; crafting the strategy; implementing and executing the strategy; evaluating and correcting. It is general knowledge that developing the vision and mission of the business is the first step in strategic management tasks. After coming up with the vision and mission, the next step is to set up the company objectives to be accomplished. The objectives could be to have a bigger market share in its specialty product line or service. Another major objective that the company can come up with is to generate bigger sales and lesser costs and expenses for the near and far away future. Another objective is to open up one hundred branches every year around the world. Another objective is to satisfy customer needs and get new customers. Again, another obvious objective is the enter the territorial waters of the competition and â€Å"beat† them in their own game of marketing by offering better products and prompt services. The third task of strategic management is crafting the strategy. This is the how of management.

Evaluate Unilevers financial strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evaluate Unilevers financial strategy - Essay Example A firm’s capital structure consist the mix of long term or permanent capital in the firm. This is the mix of various ordinary and preference shares, long term debt and retained earnings. All these sources are found in Unilevers capital structure. Capital structure theories are as discussed below. Dividends are part of the earnings which are distributed to the shareholders for their investment in the company. Dividends policies and decisions involve four critical issues: i.e. when the firm should pay dividends, how much dividend per share should the company pay, how should the company give out dividends and why should the firm pay dividends. Unilever pays dividend quarterly using residual dividend policy where the dividend is paid out of earnings after investment have been financed. The dividend is payable by cash. As to why In Aug, CEO John Polman mentioned, â€Å"While circumstances remain challenging in many marketplaces, I am motivated by the return to quantity development across all areas and the majority of nations and groups. More of our manufacturers are enhancing again behind strong enhancements, greater customer value improved marketing support, and better performance. We go on repairing quantity development while defending edges and income for the season. † Organizations go through different life-cycles just like individuals do. For example, individuals go through the beginnings, childhood and early-teenage stages that are recognized by plenty of fast development. People within these stages often do whatever it requires just to remain in existence, for example, eating, looking for protection and resting. Often, these individuals make energetic, extremely sensitive choices based on whatever is going on around them at this time. Start-up companies are like this, too. Often, creators of the company or system and its various associates have to do whatever is

Waste Management Practices Of Mcdonalds Environmental Sciences Essay

Waste Management Practices Of Mcdonalds Environmental Sciences Essay McDonalds is one of the largest and most well known global fast food restaurants. Ray Kroc is the founder of the company in the year 1955. The company has been operating for 55 years and has 32000 restaurants chain in more than 117 countries. More than 75% of McDonalds worldwide outlets are operated by franchisees or affiliates (Our Company 2010). There are 1.5 million employees worldwide working to serve 50 million worldwide customers each day (McDonalds Restaurants Ltd, 2006). Over the many years, millions of people have patronage McDonalds because it is a trusted name with proven service. In returning that loyalty, McDonalds have an obligation to give back to the community (SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, 2010). McDonalds supports Ronald McDonald House Charities (RMHC), animal welfare, food safety and environment (SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, 2010). This essay shall examine how McDonalds has performed in the relation to the environment particularly waste management practices. The public of the current age are concerned about the amount of packaging and food waste produced by McDonalds restaurants (Better Packaging with McDonalds, 2009). A survey conducted by Keep Britain Tidy that about 29% of the litter waste on the Britain Street was come from the McDonalds restaurant (Gray, L 2009). Therefore, one of the best solutions taken by McDonalds is manage the waste through waste management practices, which is involving in reduction, reuse, recycling and disposal (Better Packaging with McDonalds, 2009). As one of the largest fast food restaurants worldwide, McDonalds has become an environment leader. Hence, McDonalds is determined to analyze every aspect of their business on their impact on the environment and according to the analysis and seek effective ways to enhance the environment. McDonalds is hoping to survive and stay in a cle an environment where the air, water and the earth are clean and as well build an environment sound world to the future generation (). McDonalds has done a variety of different as compared to the past and current performance. In the past, McDonalds used the polystyrene foam as packaging food. Many environmentalists dislike polystyrene foam because the production of foam will release out the chlorofluorocarbon, which can damage the atmosphere. The foam also to take long time to break down, if at all, in landfills, which is where most of it winds up because there are relatively few recycling centers ( ). Besides, McDonalds was required 46 grams of packaging in average meal- a Big Mac, fries and a shake in year 1970 (Case A: McDonalds Environmental Strategy, 1995). In addition, there was no industrial scale recycling before (Rose, 2009). Furthermore, McDonalds did not practice the exercise of converting the waste into energy. Nowadays, McDonalds has found many alternative ways to enhance the environment performance in term of the waste management practices. Firstly, McDonalds has replaced the polystyrene foam by the using paper based-wraps in order to reduce the waste volume in the waste management process (Better Packaging with McDonalds, 2009). The replacement is because of consumers demand and heeding counsel of environmental groups (Liddle, A 1990). McDonalds major markets, about 83% of the packaging used for food, beverages and other consumer purposes is made of some form of paper (McDonalds Worldwide Corporate Responsibility Report, 2006). Another is the reduced amount of material used in each item of packaging (our environment, 2008). Thirdly, McDonalds recycles packaging waste and recycles used cooking oil in waste management practices (Recycling in the restaurant Focusing on operational opportunities, 2010). Fourthly, proper disposal waste programs are been carried out to manage the food waste o nce the McDonalds cannot reduce, reuse and recycle the waste (our environment, 2008). Recent year, McDonald in UK has a trial tested out an alternative method of disposal, which by converting the food waste to energy (Managing the impacts of the leftovers, 2010). David  Fairhurst, senior vice president for McDonalds UK Northern Europe said that the converting waste to energy is encouraging that has already reduced the environmental impact in the area by 48% and significant step on achieving zero waste to landfill (Thomas, D 2009) Currently, McDonalds brings a lot impact upon the society and stakeholder. McDonalds replaces the foam to paper wraps, which make up 70% to 90% reduction in sandwich packaging volume (Better Packaging with McDonalds, 2009). Besides, McDonalds also reduce the amount of material used in the packaging, which indicate less raw material use and thus less solid waste produce (our environment, 2008). For example, in 2005, McDonalds redesigned the inside of North American fry boxes, which make up more than 1,100 tons packaging waste saved per year (McDonalds Worldwide Corporate Responsibility Report, 2006). Furthermore, McDonalds in Unite State has recycled over 17 tons of corrugate cardboard per year (Recycling in the restaurant Focusing on operational opportunities 2010). Corrugate cardboard represent around 30% of the total restaurant waste and as result of recycling, divert the amount of waste from landfills. McDonalds has an aim of achieving to recycle 100% of their corrugated cardboard (our environment, 2008). By the way, about 10% of the total restaurant wastes come from the used cooking oil and McDonalds has converted into biodiesel (our environment, 2008). McDonalds in United State has recycled approximately 13,000 pounds of used cooking oil per year. Currently, more than 80% of the used oil in Europe has transformed into biodiesel (Recycling in the restaurant Focusing on operational opportunities 2010). As a result, it is stopped the used cooking oil from send to landfills. (Please consolidate and present it in a more systematic way.) In addition, the trial of converting the waste to energy has been successfully reduction 54% percent of carbon emission as audited by the Carbon Trust (Brass, E 2009). The amount of waste save from landfill could be 65 tones if the restaurants continue implement this disposal. For the energy generate from the waste provide enough heat and electricity to the building (Managing the impacts of the leftovers, 2010). For instance, in UK the energy generate from the food waste, which able to power the 22 million light bulbs to community (Brass, E 2009). Now let focus on the advantages and disadvantages of McDonald practices in the waste management. The major advantage through the waste management practices is reduced the greenhouse gas emission. Methane especially one of the greenhouse gases which mostly generate by the landfills operation and bring harmful effects to the environment and human health. Therefore, the key factor success of lower down the gases emission is driven by the greater recycle wastes, increased amount of waste recovery and incineration combined with energy production (Improved waste management delivering climate benefits, 2008). Another advantage of the waste management practices is generated a livable environment to society (Waste Disposal Methods Advantages and Disadvantages n.d.). It is because people can exist and live in a comfort environment with free of waste. . (are there any scholarly proof to support this statement?) is to help to reduce the amount of waste. Through the waste management practices, Mc Donalds has send less waste to landfill and ultimately less waste occupy the landfill However, there are some disadvantages of the waste management practices. The major disadvantage is contaminated the environment (Waste Disposal Methods Advantages and Disadvantages n.d.). The utilities of papers as packaging especially are unfriendly to the environment in the waste management practice. It is because there will increase the environment impact in production of paper packaging item. An analysis conducted by the Franklin Associates, an independent environmental research firm that the production between polystyrene foam and paper toward the environment impact. The result show that the manufacturing of paper containers especially make up 46 percent more air pollution, 42 percent more water pollution and 75 percent more industrial waste than that of plastic. Made predominantly of air, paper requires 30 percent more energy to produce than foam (Eckhardt, A 1998). Therefore, the using of paper actually leads the pollution occur. Consequently, global warming especially occurs once the pollution getting severe and serious. Besides, the disadvantage of the waste management practices is influence the people health. The process of convert the waste to energy need go through the incineration, which may emit the harmful gases into the environment that hazardous to residents health, as the emission smoke is invisible and smelly. Undoubtedly, it brings the negative impact to s ociety (Krishna, G 2006). As conclusion, the waste management practices should be adopted to manage the waste in order to provide the healthy and clean environment to the society. The social performance of McDonalds in relation to the environment has tremendously contributed. Even though the elimination of waste from the fast food restaurants is impossible, some effective and efficiency of alternative methods should also seek in order to reduce and prevent the waste from being engulfed the earth. If the large fast food company like McDonalds does not control the waste produce from the restaurant and save the planet, people will surely perish themselves one day.

The Unjustified War on Iraq Essay -- Government

The Unjustified War on Iraq The Bush Administration was impatiently unjustified in the attack on Iraq. The justification the Republican council offered was no more that an attempt to eradicate the blame infused by poorly made, hasty decisions and forceful actions. Liberal magazine, The Nation, publishes many liberal perspectives on the actions that have been taken in prevention of major military action. Although action was necessary, the use of military force by the United States was excessive. Iraq’s militant leader, Saddam Hussein, has been a sore in foreign relations for the United States since the 1980s. However, the United Nation’s demand for Iraqi military disarmament slowly, but effectively reduced the strength of this tyrant. If the Bush Administration had been more patient and looked at the potential benefits of the use of non- military force, they would have realized, Saddam is weaker today because inspections forced him to destroy many of his weapons and because containment denied him access to the technology and money to rebuild his military and to pursue the d... The Unjustified War on Iraq Essay -- Government The Unjustified War on Iraq The Bush Administration was impatiently unjustified in the attack on Iraq. The justification the Republican council offered was no more that an attempt to eradicate the blame infused by poorly made, hasty decisions and forceful actions. Liberal magazine, The Nation, publishes many liberal perspectives on the actions that have been taken in prevention of major military action. Although action was necessary, the use of military force by the United States was excessive. Iraq’s militant leader, Saddam Hussein, has been a sore in foreign relations for the United States since the 1980s. However, the United Nation’s demand for Iraqi military disarmament slowly, but effectively reduced the strength of this tyrant. If the Bush Administration had been more patient and looked at the potential benefits of the use of non- military force, they would have realized, Saddam is weaker today because inspections forced him to destroy many of his weapons and because containment denied him access to the technology and money to rebuild his military and to pursue the d...

How Students Can Tackle the Problem of Stress

How students can tackle the problem of stress? Are you stressed? Good. That means you have stood up for something in your life. Do you have this experience? Look at this picture! This man is very stress because he has a lot of work to do at the same time. He needs to answer the phone calls, he has a pile of books to be settled and the time was running out. So, he was very stress at this time. If you have this experience, what ways you will you use to overcome your stress? It is little bit weird if do not having a stress because every people in this world having a hard time which is giving a stress to them.Good morning everybody! Today, I’m going to discuss the three important ways to overcome stress among students. The points are students can do any kind of physical exercise that will keep your mind occupied, keep yourself busy with the individual interest that makes you happy and students should going out and socialize with friends or family members. Well, the three main poin ts had been told, so let’s go more detail to the first point which is doing any kind of physical exercise that will keep your mind occupied when having a stress.The first way how students overcome stress is by doing any kind of physical exercise that will keep your mind occupied. Those students who have a problem of handling a stress or anxiety, you should take a deep breath in and out to calm yourself down and to relax as well. You also should take a short walks or go around town for some fresh air. By doing this, it will give the mind a clear start and oxygen to the mind. Besides, you should always give a smile to everyone when having a stress because with a smile it can reduce our stress.In addition, you can with a stress through exercise and yoga. You can like this picture because they are very relaxing both physically and mentally and they also help to keep your mind off from any problems. Well, you already know that doing any kind of physical exercise that will keep you r mind occupied when having a stress. Now, let’s proceed to the second point which is keeping yourself busy with the individual interest that makes you happy when you were stress.The second way how students can tackle the problem of having a stress is by keep yourself busy with the individual interest that makes you happy. When you were stress, you can create a hobby that you loved. In that way, your free time is full with something that you loved the most and something that you really really enjoyed it. At the end, you did not think anymore about getting a stress. Besides, when you were stress, you should join any club or association that can gives you a great time and wonderful moment.It also can give a new experience to you by joining the club or association. Last but not least, you get the benefit by getting a new knowledge. So, you know keep yourself busy with the individual interest that makes you happy will overcome your stress. Let’s continue with third point w hich is students should going out and socialize with friends or family members when having a stress. The third points how students can overcome stress are by going out and socialize with friends or family members. When having a stress, you should take a break such as take a holiday.You can go out and socialize with friends or relatives in order to stimulate your lifestyle and try to take it easier. Actually, students should take a good time off for them and relax. In addition, I recommend to you to talk with your friends or family about your feelings. But if the stress become totally overwhelming, then professional counseling might be helpful as well. Now, you know that when having a stress, students should go out and socialize with friends or family members. So, our investigation is complete.As you can see, there are three important ways to overcome stress among students which are students can do any kind of physical exercise that will keep your mind occupied, keep yourself busy wi th the individual interest that makes you happy and also students should go out and socialize with friends or family members. As a conclusion, stress is already having in the student’s life. So, as a student, we cannot run from a stress problem. Therefore, don’t go away from it but try to deal with it. So my advice is being happier because when others look at you, they become happy too.